Diet- Its favorite foods are plants in the grass family such as corn wheat barley and alfalfa, but they are not picky.
Food capture- They don't really need to capture there food.
Digestion- They chew food very slightly and start mechanical digestion. This starts in the salivary glands, in the buccal.
Gas exchange- The respiratory system in all insects is called tracheal system It involves diffusion of oxygen directly from the atmosphere into the air filled tubes. This process of diffusion through air is much more efficient than diffusion through water or tissues. Tracheal system consists of ten pairs of spirals located laterally on the bottom if the surface. Two of these are thoracic pairs and the other eight pairs are abnormal.
Circulation- They have an open circulatory system. Their blood starts at hemolymph, and then travels through large blood vessels to the coelom. Then to the abdomen, and the heart in an open loop. The blood is green in color because it processes food and waste, but not oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Immune system- It is better than average immune system. They very rarely ever catch colds or get diseases.
Homeostasis-They shed their exoskeleton periodically.
Thermoregulation- They move into shaded areas, either being on the ground or in plants. When warmer, they go down to the ground and stay in shade.
Reproduction- They engage in direct sexual reproduction. The male deposits sperm in the female. The sperm travels through tiny canals before entering eggs. After fertilization female uses prongs on to get eggs underground. The prongs help get eggs underground.
Reproduction cont.- The eggs remain dormant for 10 months until hatched in early summer. The newly hatched egg go through six stages where the first stage of 6 stages is metamorphosis. They look the same through all stages.
Mating- Stridulation male makes a sound by rubbing parts of their forewings together, which is a unique sound.
Movement-It has an external skeleton(muscles are attached internally).
Walk- 2 pairs of walking legs and 1 pair of jumping.
Jumping- Their hind legs are used to project them into air. This is known for being able to jump amazing heights and differences.
Flying- They have strong flight muscle to flap wings up and down. Some can travel many miles in air for long periods of time.
Geographic location- They can live anywhere in the world close to grass.
Stingray
geographic location-found in mediterranean and black seas. also in northeastern atlantic ocean from southern norway and the western baltic sea to madeira and the canary islands. shore to a depth of 660 ft. though it is not usually found deeper than 200 ft.
movement- most time inactive, partially buried in sand, often moving only with sway of tide. swim by undulating their bodies like a wave, others flap their sides like wings. tail may also be used to swim and protection.
reproduction- mate in winter, or july and august. male follows female closely, biting at body. female holds embryos in womb without placenta. embryos absorb nutrients from a yolk sac mother provides uterine milk after yolk sac is gone. females bear t 2 litters of 4-9 pups per year 4 month gestation period.
thermoregulation- cold blooded. body temp is controlled by surrounding water. blood capillaries between their red swimming muscles act as heat exchangers. heat created through muscle activity is moved by blood to gills. gills don't lose heat and temp inside body is 5-14 celsius. system saves energy . heat is added where it is needed for catching prey. brain and muscles and intestines and stomach.
Homeostasis- flexible pectoral fins and wide flat bodies. most live in shallow water and are fairly docile animals who prey on other fish.
Food capture/digestion- bottom dwelling organisms, crustaceans, worms, and small bony fish. 28-38 upper tooth rows and 28-43 lower tooth rows. teeth are small and blunt. 5 papillae across bottom of mouth. tail is slender and whip like. tail is equipped with venom. second or third spine may be present. may show up before others are shed off.
immune system- liver is huge and oily. make up 25 percent of weight. oily liver to aid in buoyancy because they lack swim bladders found in most bony fish. largest organs dare sport of its digestive tracts. organs include esophagus, stomach, and intestines. other ones are the pancreas(aids digestion), spleen the rectal gland and kidneys involved in manufacture and movement of urine.
Circulation- closed(blood is closed at all times within vessels of different size and wall thickness). type of system where blood is pumped by heart through vessels and does not normally fill body cavities.
Gas exchange- spiracles(openings for gas exchange) behind their eyes. Their gills are on their flat underside. water through the spiracle and out the gills freeing mouth to eat. allows them to breath while covered in sand.